ipaddress

ipaddress provides capabilities to work with IP addresses and networks (both IPv4 and IPv6).

ip = ipaddress.ip_address('127.0.0.1')
ip.is_private     # True
ip.is_loopback    # True
ip.is_global      # False
ip.is_multicast   # False
ip.is_reserved    # False
ip.is_unspecified # False
ip.reverse_pointer # '1.0.0.127.in-addr.arpa'

net = ipaddress.ip_network('192.168.0.0/28')
net.is_private    # True
net.hostmask      # IPv4Address('0.0.0.15')
net.num_addresses # 16